Djilas nova klasa pdf
ĭjilas helped Josip Broz Tito to establish the Yugoslav Partisan resistance and became a guerrilla commander during the war following Germany's attack on the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941 ( Operation Barbarossa) when the Communist Party of Yugoslavia's (KPJ) Central Committee decided that conditions had been created for armed struggle. During the invasion, the Yugoslav Zeta Division, composed mostly of Montenegrins, had briefly counter-attacked into Albania, but had largely returned home with their weapons and equipment following the Yugoslav surrender. Īround 400 former Yugoslav Army officers returned to Montenegro, along with many non-commissioned officers, civil administrators and KPJ members. Initially the Italians were lenient towards the Montenegrins, but local people quickly developed grievances against them, relating to expulsions of Montenegrin people from elsewhere in occupied Yugoslavia, an influx of Serb refugees fleeing Ustaše persecution in the neighboring Independent State of Croatia, loss of traditionally Montenegrin territory and financial restrictions imposed on them. Yugoslavia was partitioned, and as part of this, most of modern Montenegro was subjected to military occupation by the Italians, who installed a civil commissioner. In April 1941, Axis powers Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy and the Kingdom of Hungary invaded Yugoslavia and quickly defeated her armed forces. See also: Uprising in Montenegro (1941) and Leftist errors In 1938, Tito appointed him to the Central Committee of the KPJ in 1938, and to its politburo the following year. Djilas also helped recruit about 1,500 Yugoslav volunteers to fight on the Republican side in the Spanish Civil War, but Tito would not permit him to travel to Spain to take part in the war as he needed him in Yugoslavia. When the leader of the Soviet Union, Josef Stalin, tried to gain greater control of the KPJ, Djilas aligned himself with the general secretary of the KPJ, Josip Broz Tito. Īfter his release from prison in 1936, Djilas decided to give up his study of literature and concentrate on revolutionary activities with the KPJ. He was further radicalised while in jail, becoming a committed Stalinist. While in jail he met several senior members of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia ( Serbo-Croatian Latin: Komunistička partija Jugoslavije, KPJ), including Moša Pijade and Aleksandar Ranković. Eleven months later, having not changed his ways, Djilas was again arrested, but this time he was tortured then sentenced to three years imprisonment in the Sremska Mitrovica Prison. This brought him to the attention of the police in March 1932 he was arrested for taking part in an anti-government demonstration and was jailed for eight days as a warning. Djilas was a radical student activist and opposed the dictatorship of King Alexander I. In 1929, the name of the country changed to the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. He commenced studying literature at the University of Belgrade in 1929, by which time he was already a committed communist. He was exposed to literature during his schooling, and also to the works of Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin.
ĭjilas was educated in Podbišće, Kolašin and Berane. During World War II, Djilas's sister Dobrinka was murdered by the Chetniks and his father was killed during a battle with the Balli Kombëtar in Kosovo. Her father, Aleksa, was an anti- Ottoman bandit leader, known as a hajduk, who was apparently assassinated at the direction of the Montenegrin king's father-in-law. Djilas' mother, Novka, was from Siberia in the Russian Empire. After that war he commanded the gendarmerie in Kolašin, and opposed the incorporation of Montenegro into the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. His father Nikola, a recipient of the Obilić Medal for bravery, served in the Montenegrin Army during the Balkan Wars of 1912–1913, then World War I, after which he was awarded the Albanian Commemorative Medal. Milovan Djilas was born in Podbišće near Mojkovac, Kingdom of Montenegro, on 12 June 1911 into a Montenegrin peasant family. 4 Views on the break-up of Yugoslavia and the Soviet UnionĮarly life and revolutionary activities.